OXYGEN MEDICINAL GASEOUS

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MEDICAL USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT MEDICAL GASEOUS OXYGEN (OXYGEN MEDICAL GAS)

Composition:

Active substance: oxygen;

oxygen content not less than 99.5%.

Pharmaceutical form. Gas.

Main physicochemical properties: colorless, odorless and tasteless gas which supports combustion more vigorously than air. Slightly soluble in water (approximately 1 : 43). Dissolves in 3.6 volumes of 95% alcohol.

Pharmacotherapeutic group.

Medical gases. ATC code V03A N01.

Pharmacological properties.

Pharmacodynamics. Oxygen belongs to the group of drugs known as anti-hypoxants and antioxidants. It has the ability to bind with blood hemoglobin in the lungs and, as a complex compound with heme, is transported to the body's cells. Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent and an essential component in the metabolic transformations of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy substances required to sustain vital functions of the organism.

Pharmacokinetics. In the human body, oxygen diffuses through the lung tissue into the blood, binding to hemoglobin in erythrocytes and partially dissolving in plasma. Subsequently, oxygen is transported to body tissues, where it diffuses into the tissue interstitial fluid. The final stage of respiration is the utilization of oxygen in biological oxidation processes and energy production within cells; following a series of transformations, oxygen is then eliminated via the lungs in the form of carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Clinical characteristics.

Indications.

Conditions associated with hypoxia:

Respiratory diseases:

• pneumonia;
• pulmonary edema;
• bronchial asthma;
• pneumosclerosis.

Cardiovascular diseases:

• heart failure;
• coronary insufficiency.

Poisonings:

• carbon monoxide;
• cyanide;
• suffocating gases.

Use during general anesthesia in combination with inhalation anesthetics; in the postoperative period.

Preparation of oxygen cocktails, foams.

Contraindications.

For hyperbaric oxygenation, contraindications include acute respiratory diseases, history of epileptiform seizures, impaired patency of auditory tubes and canals connecting the paranasal sinuses, presence of lung cavities, bronchopleural fistulas, severe forms of arterial hypertension, neoplasms, and increased individual sensitivity to oxygen.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other types of interactions.

Nitrates, beta-blockers, calcium ion antagonists, and nootropic agents promote more efficient tissue utilization of oxygen, thereby reducing hypoxia and increasing the body's resistance to oxygen deficiency.

Special precautions for use.

Do not use in women during menstruation.

Use with moisturizing agents is recommended.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Do not use during pregnancy for periods longer than 5 months.

Breastfeeding should be discontinued for the duration of the medicinal product use.

Ability to affect reaction speed when driving or operating machinery.

Due to possible dizziness, refrain from driving vehicles or performing tasks that require heightened attention and quick reaction.

Administration and Dosage

In hospital settings, oxygen is most commonly administered via inhalation through special rubber or plastic masks connected directly to steel cylinders containing oxygen.

In outpatient practice and at home, special rubber or plastic containers (bags) filled with oxygen or its mixtures are more frequently used.

For hyperbaric oxygenation, i.e., oxygen delivery under increased pressure, special ventilated chambers, so-called hyperbaric chambers (barochambers), are used, where oxygen is supplied via inhalation as well as through mucous membranes and skin.

Oxygen is most commonly administered by inhalation as a mixture with air at a concentration of 40–60%, at a flow rate of 4–5 liters per minute. A mixture called "carbogen," consisting of 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, is also used. The mixture is usually humidified before administration.

During hyperbaric oxygenation, oxygen is delivered under a pressure of 1.2–2 atm. Therapeutically, 8–10 sessions are typically conducted.

Oxygen cocktails and foams—mixtures of oxygen with food products, juices, and herbal infusions—may also be prepared.

Children.

The drug is used in pediatric practice.

Overdose.

In case of overdose, nausea, vomiting, and convulsions may occur.

Treatment is symptomatic.

Side effects.

In individual patients, individual increased sensitivity to oxygen and its mixtures is possible, as well as dizziness, nausea, increased dryness of mucous membranes, their irritation, cough.

If any adverse events occur, consult a physician!

Shelf life. 18 months.

Storage conditions.

Store at room temperature, but not exceeding 45 °C. Protect from direct sunlight. Do not allow contact with open flame and sources of heat. Avoid contamination with oils. Prevent cylinders from falling or being subjected to impact.

Packaging.

1 L, 2 L, 3 L, 4 L, 5 L, 6 L, 7 L, 8 L, 9 L, 10 L, 12 L, 40 L, 50 L in cylinders and from cold cryogenic generators.

Prescription status. Prescription only.

Manufacturer.

Joint Stock Company "Lviv Chemical Plant".

Address: 16 Rakhivska St., Lviv, 79070, Ukraine.