GLUCOSE

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MEDICAL USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT GLUCOSE (GLUCOSE)

Composition:

active substance: glucose;

1 ml of solution contains 50 mg of glucose monohydrate (calculated as 100 % substance);
excipient: water for injections.

Dosage form. Infusion solution.

Main physicochemical properties: colorless or slightly yellowish clear liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group. Plasma substitutes and perfusion solutions. ATC code B05CX01.

Pharmacological properties.

Pharmacodynamics.

5 % glucose solution is isotonic to blood plasma and, when administered intravenously, replenishes the circulating blood volume, serves as a source of nutritive material in case of blood loss, and promotes elimination of toxins from the body. Glucose provides substrate for replenishment of energy expenditure. Intravenous injections activate metabolic processes, improve hepatic antitoxic function, enhance myocardial contractility, cause vasodilation, and increase diuresis.

Pharmacokinetics.

After administration, it rapidly distributes throughout body tissues. It is excreted by the kidneys.

Clinical characteristics.

Indications.

• Hyper- and isotonic dehydration;
• in children for prevention of water-electrolyte balance disturbances during surgical procedures;
• intoxication;
• hypoglycemia;
• as a solvent for other compatible medicinal solutions.

Contraindications.

5% glucose solution is contraindicated in patients with:

• hyperglycemia;
• hypersensitivity to dextrose.

The preparation must not be administered simultaneously with blood products.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other types of interactions.

When used concomitantly with thiazide diuretics and furosemide, their ability to affect serum glucose levels should be taken into account. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into peripheral tissues. Glucose solution reduces the hepatotoxic effect of pyrazinamide. Administration of a large volume of glucose solution may lead to the development of hypokalemia, which increases the toxicity of concurrently administered cardiac glycosides. Glucose solution is incompatible with aminophylline, barbiturates, hydrocortisone, kanamycin, soluble sulfonamides, and cyanocobalamin.

Special precautions for use

The drug should be administered with great caution to patients with intracranial and intraspinal hemorrhages.

When administering the drug intravenously over a prolonged period, blood glucose levels should be monitored.

To prevent the development of hypoosmolality of plasma, a 5% glucose solution may be combined with the administration of isotonic sodium chloride solution.

When administering large doses, subcutaneous insulin may be prescribed as needed, at a dose of 1 IU per 4–5 g of glucose.

The contents of a vial may be used for one patient only. After the vial or container has been opened or its seal compromised, any unused portion of the solution must be discarded.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding

The drug may be used when indicated.

Ability to affect reaction speed while driving or operating machinery

Data are lacking due to the drug being used exclusively under hospital conditions.

Method of Administration and Dosage.

The drug is administered intravenously by drip infusion. The adult dose is up to 1500 mL per day. The maximum daily dose for adults is 2000 mL. If necessary, the maximum infusion rate for adults is 150 drops per minute (500 mL/h).

Children.

The dose for children depends on age, body weight, patient's condition, and laboratory parameters.

Overdose.

Exaggeration of adverse reaction manifestations.

Hyperglycemia and hypotonic hyperhydration may develop. In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment and administration of regular insulin preparations should be prescribed.

Adverse reactions.

Electrolyte imbalance and general systemic reactions occurring during massive infusions:

• hypokalemia;
• hypophosphatemia;
• hypomagnesemia;
• hyponatremia;
• hypervolemia;
• hyperglycemia;
• allergic reactions (hyperthermia, skin rashes, angioneurotic edema, shock).

Gastrointestinal disorders:

• very rarely – central nausea.

If adverse reactions occur, infusion should be discontinued, the patient's condition assessed, and appropriate medical assistance provided.

Shelf life. 3 years.

Storage conditions.

Store in a place inaccessible to children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Store in the original packaging.

Incompatibility.

Glucose solution is incompatible with aminophylline, soluble barbiturates, erythromycin, hydrocortisone, warfarin, kanamycin, soluble sulfonamides, and cyanocobalamin.

Do not use in the same system simultaneously, or immediately before or after blood transfusion due to the risk of pseudoagglutination.

Packaging.

200 ml, 250 ml, 400 ml, or 500 ml in polymer containers;
200 ml or 400 ml in glass bottles.

Prescription status. Prescription only.

Manufacturer: TOV "Yuria-Pharm".

Manufacturer's address and location of business activity.

108, Kobzarska Street, Cherkasy, Cherkasy region, 18030, Ukraine. Tel.: (044) 281-01-01.