OXYGEN MEDICINAL GASEOUS

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MEDICAL USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT MEDICAL GASEOUS OXYGEN

Composition:

Active substance: oxygen;

contains not less than 99.5% oxygen.

Pharmaceutical form. Gas.

Main physicochemical properties: colorless, odorless and tasteless gas; supports combustion more actively than air; strong oxidizing agent.

Pharmacotherapeutic group. Medical gases.

ATC code V03A N01.

Pharmacological properties.

Pharmacodynamics.

Oxygen belongs to the group of drugs known as anti-hypoxants and antioxidants. It has the ability to bind with blood hemoglobin in the lungs and, in a complex compound with heme, is transported to the body's cells. It is a strong oxidizing agent and an essential component in the metabolic transformations of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy required to sustain vital functions of the organism.

Pharmacokinetics.

In the human body, oxygen diffuses through the lung tissue into the blood, where it binds to hemoglobin in erythrocytes and partially dissolves in plasma. The oxygen is then transported to body tissues, where it diffuses into the tissue interstitial fluid. The final stage of respiration is the utilization of oxygen in biological oxidation processes and the generation of energy within cells; subsequently, through a series of changes, it is eliminated via the lungs in the bound form of carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Clinical Characteristics.

Indications.

Diseases accompanied by hypoxia:

respiratory organs:

• pneumonia;
• pulmonary edema;
• bronchial asthma;
• pneumosclerosis;

cardiovascular system:

• heart failure;
• coronary insufficiency.

Poisonings:

• carbon monoxide;
• cyanide;
• choking gases.

During general anesthesia in combination with inhalation anesthetics; in the postoperative period.

Preparation of oxygen cocktails and foams.

Infectious diseases: ascariasis and trichocephalosis.

Contraindications.

For hyperbaric oxygenation, contraindications include acute respiratory diseases, history of epileptiform seizures, impaired patency of auditory tubes and canals connecting paranasal sinuses, presence of lung cavities, bronchopleural fistulas, severe forms of arterial hypertension, neoplasms, and increased individual sensitivity to oxygen.

For oxygen deworming, contraindications include ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum, tumors, and acute inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other types of interactions.

Nitrates – adrenoblockers, calcium ion antagonists, nootropics promote more economical use of oxygen by tissues, improve its utilization, and thereby reduce hypoxia and increase the body's resistance to oxygen deficiency.

Special precautions for use

The use of moisturizers is recommended.

Do not use during menstrual period.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding

Do not use during pregnancy for longer than 5 months.

Breastfeeding should be discontinued for the duration of drug use.

Ability to affect reaction speed when driving or operating machinery

Due to possible dizziness, refrain from driving a vehicle or performing tasks that require increased attention and rapid reaction.

Method of Administration and Dosage

In hospital settings, oxygen is most commonly administered via inhalation through special rubber or plastic masks connected directly to steel cylinders containing oxygen.

In outpatient practice and at home, special rubber or plastic containers (bags) filled with oxygen or its mixture are more frequently used.

For hyperbaric oxygenation, i.e., delivery of oxygen under increased pressure, special ventilated chambers—so-called hyperbaric chambers (barochambers)—are used, where oxygen is administered both by inhalation and through mucous membranes and skin.

Most commonly, oxygen is administered by inhalation as a mixture with air at a concentration of 40–60%, at a flow rate of 4–5 liters per minute. A mixture known as "carbogen," consisting of 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, is also used. The mixture should be administered humidified.

During hyperbaric oxygenation, oxygen is delivered under pressure of 1.2–2 atm. Therapeutically, 8–10 sessions are typically conducted.

For the treatment of ascariasis, oxygen is administered into the stomach via a thin gastric or duodenal tube. The tube should preferably be inserted through the nose. Oxygen is administered for 2 consecutive days, in the morning, on an empty stomach or 4 hours after a meal. For children under 10 years of age, administer 100 mL of oxygen per year of life; for children aged 10–12 years, 1000–1100 mL; for those aged 13–14 years, 1250 mL; and for patients aged 15 years and older, 1250–1500 mL. Administer slowly, in portions of 100–200–250 mL, with intervals of 1–2 minutes. The total volume should be administered over no less than 15 minutes. After the procedure, the patient must remain in a lying position for at least 2 hours.

For the treatment of trichocephalosis (whipworm infection), perform a cleansing enema. One hour later, with the patient lying on their side, insert a catheter (or a rubber enema tip) into the rectum to a depth of 25–30 cm (beyond the internal sphincter). Through the catheter, oxygen is slowly insufflated in small portions (200–250 mL) at 2–3 minute intervals. For children under 10 years of age, administer 100 mL of oxygen per year of life; for children aged 10–12 years, 1000–1100 mL; for those aged 13–14 years, 1250 mL; and for patients aged 15 years and older, 1250–1500 mL. After completion of the procedure, the patient should lie on their back for 2 hours. Oxygen therapy should be administered consecutively for 5–7 days; on day 6 or 7, administer a saline laxative.

Preparation of oxygen cocktails and foams: mix oxygen with food products, juices, or herbal infusions.

Children. This category of patients may be treated with oxygen.

Overdose.

In case of overdose, nausea, vomiting, and seizures may occur. Treatment is symptomatic.

Side effects.

In individual patients, individual increased sensitivity to oxygen and its mixtures, dizziness, nausea, increased dryness of mucous membranes, their irritation, coughing may occur.

Shelf life. 18 months.

Do not use after the expiry date stated on the packaging.

Storage conditions.

Store in warehouse premises or under shelters, in a place inaccessible to children, protected from direct sunlight.

Storage must be carried out at temperatures ranging from minus 50 °C to plus 50 °C.

Storage and transportation at temperatures above plus 50 °C are not permitted.

Avoid contact with open flame and heat sources.

Packaging.

Gas in steel cylinders of 2 L or 4 L or 10 L or 12 L or 40 L.

Prescription category. Prescription only.

Manufacturer.

JSC "Pivdentehgas".

Manufacturer's location and address of business activity.

Ukraine, 66320, Odesa region, Kotovskiy district, village of Borshchi, Lesova St., 14.